Video Game Tech Inspires Breakthrough in Fusion Reactor Particle Detection

[frankerkanol]

A team of researchers from UNIST has developed a groundbreaking algorithm for detecting collisions of high-speed particles in nuclear fusion reactors, drawing inspiration from technology used in video games to determine whether bullets hit targets. This innovation enables rapid collision prediction and significantly improves the stability and design efficiency of future fusion devices.

Led by Professor Eisung Yoon from the Department of Nuclear Engineering, the team created a new collision detection algorithm that can quickly identify where fast-moving particles strike within virtual models of fusion reactors. The research, published in Computer Physics Communications, demonstrates a leap in computational speed and efficiency.

The algorithm was tested on the Virtual KSTAR (V-KSTAR), a three-dimensional digital twin of Korea’s KSTAR fusion reactor. It performed up to 15 times faster than traditional methods, including the widely used Octree technique, which relies on dividing the reactor’s space into smaller sections for analysis. In contrast, the new algorithm minimizes unnecessary calculations by applying a more selective and efficient process.

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In fusion reactors, neutral particles are injected to heat the core to extremely high temperatures. However, when some particles deviate from their intended paths and collide with the reactor walls, they can cause structural damage or disrupt the fusion reaction. Identifying these collision points quickly is essential for safe and efficient reactor operation.

Using simplified calculations and advanced spatial modeling, the new method excludes 99.9% of unnecessary operations, reducing the computational burden. It also allows for accurate tracking of particle trajectories and their intersections with wall surfaces, even in the reactor’s complex three-dimensional geometry. The visualization feature in V-KSTAR highlights areas where heat is likely to concentrate, enabling engineers to spot high-risk zones without needing advanced technical knowledge.

Professor Yoon noted that the algorithm has already enhanced the Korean Institute of Fusion Energy’s neutral particle beam simulator by transitioning it into a fully three-dimensional framework. This upgrade supports better visualization of beam paths in diagnostic equipment and aids in analyzing magnetic field disturbances.

He added that future research will focus on implementing the algorithm using GPU supercomputers, which provide significantly faster processing than conventional CPUs. This next step aims to support high-speed simulations essential to the advancement of fusion energy technology.